Bitcoin easy
Exactly how much they’re making is hard to pin down, because the vast majority aren’t required to disclose performance figures (Zhou declined to comment on his). Chinese banks were banned from trading bitcoin in 2013, while capital controls mean foreign firms have a small presence on China’s exchanges.
One of the few traders willing to talk about their returns is Chen Zhenguo, who founded China’s largest platform for facilitating automated bitcoin strategies. Chen says he’s generated annualized gains of 50 percent for his own account, though he declined a Bloomberg News request to provide transaction details verifying his claims, saying they’re private.
“Bitcoin has a natural advantage when it comes to automated trading, ” said Chen, 30, whose Beijing-based BotVS allows clients to run live trials of their bitcoin algorithms on 23 exchanges.
Like all markets, the one for bitcoin comes with risks. At least two exchanges, Bitfinex and Mt. Gox, have suffered cyber attacks that saddled traders with losses since 2011. The cryptocurrency’s extreme price swings — average daily moves over the past year were three times bigger than those in the S&P 500 Index — have deterred some high-speed firms, while the increasing dominance of sophisticated traders begs the question of how long the juiciest arbitrage opportunities will last.
There’s also growing concern over a regulatory crackdown in China, where authorities are wary of any investment vehicle that might help citizens move wealth overseas. The nation’s central bank conducted on-site inspections at some of the biggest bitcoin exchanges this month, looking for evidence of violations including market manipulation and money laundering. Similar scrutiny of stock-index futures in 2015 led to trading restrictions that cut volumes by 99 percent.
Still, policy makers could decide the bitcoin market is too small to warrant intervention. Its current market value is about $13.5 billion, versus $6.5 trillion for Chinese equities. The cryptocurrency gained 0.1 percent to $833.92 at 9:45 a.m. Hong Kong time.
Rather than moving money out of the country, most automated traders in China are focused on cross-exchange arbitrage, said Arthur Hayes, a former market maker at Citigroup Inc. who now runs BitMEX, a bitcoin derivatives venue in Hong Kong. They can transact multiple times per second, reacting to price changes caused by individual investors and other speculators who often use technical patterns to guide their buying and selling decisions, Hayes said.
‘Walk Away’
OkCoin, one of China’s three biggest bitcoin exchanges, estimates 60 percent of its transactions are executed by automated traders, while Huobi and BTC China put the figure at around 80 percent.
China is home to about 10 significant bitcoin venues, with a majority of trades executed on the top three, according to Neil Woodfine, the chief operating officer of Remitsy, a cross-border payment system. Instead of charging transaction costs, exchanges in China make money by levying a fee when clients withdraw bitcoin from their accounts; they also offer services including co-location and margin trading.
Fintech Blockchain’s Zhou, who sees more long-term potential in the distributed ledger technology underpinning bitcoin than the cryptocurrency itself, says he can’t predict what the market will look like in a few years because it’s still young and subject to Chinese regulatory risk. For now, though, he plans to keep trading.
“If the market is here and I can see a chance to make money, I will, ” Zhou said. “If the market is gone, I’ll just walk away.”
